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Investigating the historical ownership of their collections is one of the core tasks of museums, archives, and libraries. Following the Washington Principles on Nazi-Confiscated Art (1998) and the Common Statement (agreed upon by various German governmental and local authorities in 1999), memory institutions all over the world are committed to researching the fate of their holdings during the National Socialist era. With two projects funded by the German Lost Art Foundation, the Herzog August Bibliothek is meeting this obligation as well as gaining and publishing research findings about objects in its collections that were confiscated (or sold) because of Nazi persecution.<br>
Systematic research into the subject began with the now-completed project “Nazi-Looted Books among the Antiquarian Acquisitions of the Herzog August Bibliothek since 1969” (2020‒2022). The study focused on the library’s antiquarian acquisitions from the second half of the 20th century consisting, on the one hand, of individual acquisitions and collections taken over as a whole since 1969 and, on the other hand, the extensive amount of 17th-century prints added to the collection since 1990 by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Sammlung Deutscher Drucke. Overall, the project systematically recorded and investigated the provenance of approximately 29,000 volumes. Of this number, 4,646 volumes (16.0%) proved to be significant for the project’s research question; in contrast, 24,354 volumes (84.0%) lacked relevant provenance markings. In-depth research was carried out on 417 objects (1.4%). 35 objects from 29 provenances (0.1%) were identified as Nazi-looted property or presumed Nazi-looted property.<br>
The follow-up project “Nazi-Looted Books among the Acquisitions of the Herzog August Bibliothek 1933–1969” aims to continue this more structured evaluation of the Herzog August Bibliothek’s historical collections. For this purpose, the library’s accessions during the National Socialist era and the immediate post-war years will be closely examined (approx. 14,000 access numbers for the years 1933 to 1949). Additionally, research on the antiquarian acquisitions already begun during the past project will be completed (approx. 8,200 individual prints acquired between 1950 and 1969). Two special collection holdings that were assessed as especially urgent (Painter’s books and Ars librorum: approx. 350 objects; Ernst Pepping Collection: approx. 2,300 prints) will also be the subject of further research.<br>
For all objects and provenances for which the initial research led to the suspicion that they might have been confiscated as a result of Nazi persecution, individual case files (“Einzelfalldossiers zum Verdacht auf NS-verfolgungsbedingt entzogenes Kulturgut (NS-Raubgut)”) were created. They contain comprehensive documentation of all data determined and sources evaluated, an object biography presented in text form as well as recommendations for action and information on restitutions that have already taken place or on potential claimants. After a fair and just solution has been reached, and after the recipients or legal successors have consented, these case files will be published in the Herzog August Bibliothek’s research data repository.<br>
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For all objects and provenances for which the initial research led to the suspicion that they might have been confiscated as a result of Nazi persecution, individual case files (“Einzelfalldossiers zum Verdacht auf NS-verfolgungsbedingt entzogenes Kulturgut (NS-Raubgut)”) were created. They contain comprehensive documentation of all data determined and sources evaluated, an object biography presented in text form as well as recommendations for action and information on restitutions that have already taken place or on potential claimants. After a fair and just solution has been reached, and after the recipients or legal successors have consented, these case files will be published in the Herzog August Bibliothek’s research data repository.<br>